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Research

  • Ballard, J. L., Carlson, G., Chen, J., & White, J. (2014). Anterior Thoracolumbar Spine Exposure: Critical Review and Analysis. Annals of Vascular Surgery, 28(2), 465–469. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avsg.2013.06.026
  • Muftuler, L. T., Jarman, J. P., Yu, H. J., Gardner, V. O., Maiman, D. J., & Arpinar, V. E. (2014). Association between intervertebral disc degeneration and endplate perfusion studied by DCE-MRI. European Spine Journal, 24(4), 679–685. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-014-3690-3
  • Yu, H. J., Bahri, S., Gardner, V., & Muftuler, L. T. (2014). In vivo quantification of lumbar disc degeneration: assessment of ADC value using a degenerative scoring system based on Pfirrmann framework. European Spine Journal, 24(11), 2442–2448. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-014-3721-0
  • Melikian, R., Sangwook Tim Yoon, Jin Young Kim, Kun Young Park, Yoon, C., & Hutton, W. (2016). Sagittal Plane Correction Using the Lateral Transpsoas Approach. Spine (Philadelphia, Pa. 1976)/Spine, 41(17), E1016–E1021. https://doi.org/10.1097/brs.0000000000001562

  • Gardner V, White J, Alexander G, Deckey J, Slattery C, Nablee R, Prietto CA, Etoch S, Tucker L,Rahmani R, Montes B, Quilligan E, Helber R, Smith K, Chen A, Ung A, Stone K, Smith J. Intradiscal Cutibacterium acnes Prevalence Immediately Prior to Fusion or Total Disc Replacement Device Implantation: A Prospective Registry Study of Cervical and Lumbar Discs. Int J Spine Surg. 2026 Sep 11;20(4):728-736. doi: 10.14444/8948. PMID: 42692790.

  • Rahmani R, Simpson ER, Mills ZT, Hitchens H, White JI, Slattery C, Gardner V, Smith J. Response to the Letter to the Editor Regarding "Fusion Construct Length Is Associated with Increased Risk of Delayed Reoperation Following Cervical and Lumbar Fusion". Global Spine J. 2026 Sep 1:21925682261487438. doi: 10.1177/21925682261487438. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 42677994; PMCID: PMC13534340.

  • Rahmani R, Druessel L, Martinez HE, Simpson ER, Dutta A, Gardner V, Smith J. Fully endoscopic posterior cervical foraminotomy: a systematic review of clinical and surgical outcomes. Asian J Neurosurg. Published online 2026. doi:10.1055/s-0046-1827236

  • Rahmani R, Simpson ER, Mills ZT, Hitchens H, White JI, Slattery C, Gardner V, Smith J. Fusion Construct Length is Associated With Increased Risk of Delayed Reoperation Following Cervical and Lumbar Fusion. Global Spine J. 2026 Aug 20:21925682261481451. doi: 10.1177/21925682261481451. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 42621763; PMCID: PMC13493630.

  • Simpson ER, Slattery C, Smith K, Caballero J, Gordon M, Alexander G, White J, Deckey J, Smith J, Gardner V. The Limited Evidence Base for Multilevel Lumbar Interbody Fusion and Its Consequences for Clinical Conclusions: A Systematic Review. J Clin Med. 2026 Mar 17;15(6):2289. doi: 10.3390/jcm15062289. PMID: 41899212; PMCID: PMC13026321.

  • Deshpande V, Simpson E, Caballero J, Haddad C, Smith J, Gardner V. Cost-utility of lumbar interbody fusion surgery: a systematic review. Spine J. 2025 Jun;25(6):1117-1138. doi: 10.1016/j.spinee.2024.12.027. Epub 2025 Jan 11. PMID: 39805471.